Showing posts with label mushroom spawn. Show all posts
Showing posts with label mushroom spawn. Show all posts
ONLINE MUSHROOM CULTIVATION TRAINING :
NOW WE ARE CONDUCTING ONE DAY ONLINE TRAINING ON MUSHROOM CULTIVATION(PADDY MUSHROOM & OYSTER MUSHROOM) TO AVOID RISK UNDER COVID-19 PANDEMIC SITUATION. ALL CAN TAKE TRAINING SAFELY FROM THEIR OWN HOME THROUGH "GOOGLE MEET" VIDEO CONFERENCE TRAINING PLATFORM NOW. ONLINE SESSION TRAINING FEES Rs. 1000 PER PERSON. SO REGISTER FOR COMING ONLINE PROGRAMME BY VISITING OUR FACEBOOK PAGE LINK BELOW :
REGULAR MUSHROOM CULTIVATION TRAINING :
We are also providing offline training on Mushroom Cultivation. Take Training from Eco-mushroom. Start Mushroom Cultivation to earn Rs. 40,000/- per month from 2000 sq ft area. Contact Mob : 8249857632 / 7873580870.
Some training details of coming session are below :
Training Theme : Mushroom Cultivation (Theory and Practical of Paddy Straw Mushroom and Oyster Mushroom, Theory only of Milky and Button Mushroom)
Training duration : 3 days
Training Date : For Regular Training or Online Training dates visit our Facebook Page below :
https://www.facebook.com/mushroomproduction
Training Charges: Rs. 2,000/- per trainee
Advance Registration Amount :- Rs. 1000/- per trainee
Place of training :
Day 1 - In-house orientation 1 day at Bhubaneswar
Day-2 - Orientation-cum-demonstration on cultivation of paddy straw and oyster mushroom near by Bhubaneswar.
Day-3 - Mushroom Cultivation Planning, Button Mushroom cultivation and Certification.
Number of trainees per batch : 20 trainees
Training Charges: Rs. 2,000/- per trainee
Advance Registration Amount :- Rs. 1000/- per trainee
Place of training :
Day 1 - In-house orientation 1 day at Bhubaneswar
Day-2 - Orientation-cum-demonstration on cultivation of paddy straw and oyster mushroom near by Bhubaneswar.
Day-3 - Mushroom Cultivation Planning, Button Mushroom cultivation and Certification.
Number of trainees per batch : 20 trainees
Those interested in training and related services, fill up the form above pay the
registration amount(Account for payment given below) and contact us in the
address, mail & phone number given below.
Field Training or Onsite training:
We provide field/onsite training on Mushroom cultivation to cultivar
groups, associations, SHGs, Organisations or Institutions on payment of
Resource Person charges of Rs. 2500/- per person per day and other touring expenses.(Services
inside Odisha and neighbouring states only).
Register Yourself for training by paying Rs. 1000 in Account below :
Register Yourself for training by paying Rs. 1000 in Account below :
Abhishek Kumar Sadhu
Acct. No- 10173752335
IFS Code -SBIN0003341
SBI OUAT Campus Branch,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
M- 08249857632 / 07873580870
Email : ecaorissa@gmail.com
Office Address :
B2 - 164, Lingaraj Vihar,
Pokhariput, Bhubaneswar
Pin-751020, Odisha.
PADDY STRAW MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
Paddy Straw Mushroom Cultivation Method Video
Different Aspects of Paddy Straw Mushroom Cultivation in Oriya
Required Ingredients :
1) Paddy Straw : Straw of local paddy is usually good for paddy straw mushroom cultivation. Specially straw from paddy variety with white primodia, narrow, stiff and un-threshed(by bullock or tractor) is required. Paddy straw when trodden by bullocks or tractor, loose stiffness and easily rots when it comes in contact with water, gets compressed which is not good for mushroom mycelia growth. As such straw obtained through harvesting by beating the straw bundles with hand are always good for mushroom cultivation. Only the top and panicle portion is removed. Paddy straw should be harvested leaving only 4” to 6” from the ground level. This is because on fungal species is found at the base portion which caused rotting and contamination of the straw subsequently. Paddy straw from variety C.R.1014, 1242, 141, T90, is good for preparing mushroom beds.A mushroom bed of 2 feet length, 2 ft wide and 2 ft height is prepared from 10 to 20 bundles of straw as per the thickness of the straw bundles. First hold on the top of straw bundle and loosen the binding of the straw bundle by doing so the leaves come out. If leaves will remain, it will hold more water for long time and cause rotting of the straw soon.
2) Mushroom Spawn: For one bed of mushroom 250 to 350 gm of mushroom spawn (seed) required. The culture should be free from infection.
3) Nutrition : For cultivation of paddy straw mushroom, powder of bengalgram, lentil, horsegram, red gram, blackgram or green gram and wheat bran and paddy husk is used. Powder obtained from bengalgram with its seed coat gives more yield form powder of bengalgram with seed coat.
Material required to prepare one bed of Mushroom :
Straw bundle :- 15-20 bundles of straw OR 15 kg (as per
thickness of bundle)
Mushroom Spawn(Seed) :- One bottle Or 250 gm
Nutrition :- 250 gm of Bengal gram or red gram
Bed Size :- 2 ft x 2 ft
OR 1.5 ft x 1.5 ft
Space :- 3ft x 3ft OR 2.5ft x 2.5ft ( 7-10 sq ft/bed )
Cultivation Method :
1) Remove leaves of the straw bundle and cut to 2ft size with a straw cutter. The required number of straw bundles are soaked in a tank of clean water for 12 to 16 hours. Water from ditches, ponds etc which are dirty should not be used. At the time of soaking use 100 ml of formalin and 10 grams of bavistin per 100 liters of water. Where electric heaters are available hot water should be used for treating the straw bundles.
2) Remove the straw bundles from water and keep in standing positions for 5 to 6 hours so as to drain out the excess water from the outside and inside the straw bundles and only 75 % moisture will remain in the straw bundles.
3) Spawn of 2 to 3 weeks should be used. Break the bottle and remove the glasses. Use cotton to remove small glass piece if stick to the spawn. Divide the spawn to 4 equal parts and make small pieces of spawn having size of thumb finger.
4) Use 250 gms of Dal powder grinded from whole grain of bengalgram. Else use paddy husk or rice bran to reduce the cost of cultivation. It should also be divided to 4 equal parts.
5) After arranging straw, spawn and nutrition, prepare the beds. First put a layer of straw of 6 inches height. See that the bases of straw are towards outer side and top portion are inside. Let the direction of the first layer be east-west or north-south. Take one part of the spawn out of the 4 parts and put the spawn pieces on the bed leaving 2 inches from outer side and at 3 inches distance. Sprinkle the dal powder of Bengalgram or redgram over the spawn blocks and nearby area.
6) Over the first layer, put again 6 inches height of straw. Arrange the straw on the opposite direction of the first layer (East-west of North-south). Take of another part of spawn and put the spawn piece at a distance of 3 to 4 inches as in the first layer. Also sprinkle the dal powder over it as done previously.
7) Put the third layer of 6 inches of straw in parallel direction to the 1st layer and put rest 2 parts of spawn all over the third layer and sprinkle 2 parts of Dal powder too.
8) Cover the third layer with the final 4th layer of straw of 1 to 2 inches width, parallel to the 2nd layer. Now press the layer at the top so that the mycelium can grow well. Cut the spilled straw all around the bed with the help of a seizure.
9) After the bed is ready, cover it with white polythene or stitched sheet of cement/fertilizer bags. First 4-5 days keep the beds as such. After 4-5 days the polythene sheet may be removed for 30 minutes daily for aeration and spray water only on portion of bed where straw is dried.
10) After 10 to 11 days when mycelium growth is observed, the polythene cover may be removed exposing the bed to open air.
11) Harvesting : First flush of mushroom comes out after 13-15 days of sowing. The mushroom should be harvested at bud stage whose demand is more in the market and also tasty on cooking.
After 14-15 days first phase of harvesting is done giving 90 % of the yield. The beds may be retained for another after 5-10 days for the second phase of harvest of 10 % or can be taken outside for second phase harvest so that fresh bed can be laid out to save time of harvest cycle.
Milky mushroom, otherwise known as summer mushroom, is
a long sized, white and attractive mushroom of India. This is a tropical
mushroom like paddy straw mushroom. Artificial cultivation started as early as
1976 in the state of West Bengal. Now, this mushroom has gained popularity in
the states of Karnatak, Tamilnadu, Kerala and Andhra Prodesh. The climatic
condition of these states including Odisha is suitable for milky mushroom
cultivation from March to October. However, in some states this has not been commercialized
yet because of the preference of paddy straw mushroom by the people. At present
efforts are on to popularize milky mushroom in India like paddy straw and
oyster mushroom.
Attributes:
·
The mushroom is bright white in colour and
attractive.
·
Different types of cellulosic wastes can be
used as basal substrate.
·
The cultivation procedure is simple and
easy
·
Productivity is higher – 80 to 100 %
·
Milky mushroom has good self life. Fruit
bodies can be stored for 3-4 days in ambient condition.
·
Fresh mushroom can be exported.
CLIMATIC REQUIREMENT
Temperature
:
Milky Mushroom can be grown in the temperature range of 250 - 400C.
However, for best yields, 250 - 350C is necessary. Hence,
this mushroom can be cultivated from the month of March to October in major
states of India. During summer months, it may be necessary to bring down the
temperature and to improve the relative humidity for obtaining higher yields.
Relative
humidity : Atmospheric relative humidity should be in the range
of 80 – 85 %. Under low humidity, young fruit bodies dry up or the upper
surface of the mushroom becomes rough.
Light
:
During fruiting, low light(200 lux) is necessary. However during the mycelium
growth period, light requirement is still minimal.
Ventilation
:
During fruiting stage, more oxygen is required and therefore, bags are kept in
a well-ventilated room.
MATERIAL REQUIREMENT
Substrate
:
Different types of cellulosic agricultural residues such as paddy straw, wheat straw, barley straw,
maize, jowar and bajra stalkm groundnut haulms, sugarcane bagasse, wheat bran
and cotton waste can be used as basal substrate. However, paddy straw is the best substrate for
cultivation of Milky Mushroom. About one kilogram of dry straw is necessary for
raising a single bag.
Mushroom
Spawn : Three weeks to one month old 100 grams of good quality
seeds (10 % of dry weight of straw) is necessary for raising a bag. The spawn
should be procured from a recognized spawn laboratory.
Organic
Supplement : For improving productivity one may use
pasteurized maize meal, wheat bran, paddy husk or boiled wheat grain at 100-150
gm per bag during spawning.
Polythene
Bag : Polythene tube of dimension 60 cm x 40 cm with 100 gauge thickness and open at both sides is
required for milky mushroom cultivation.
CULTIVATION PROCEDURE
Substrate
Processing : Good quality paddy straw is chopped to 4-5
cm size with chaff cutter. The chopped straw is soaked in clean and cold water
for six hours. However, the soaking period is varied with nature of substrate.
Excess water is drained from the straw and it is subjected to physical and
chemical means of pasteurization as in the case of oyster mushroom. Straw
should contain 50-55% moisture at
the end for giving better productivity.
Raising
of Bags: One end of the polythene tube is tied with rubber band
and the moistened and pasteurized substrate is put inside to a height of 7.5 cm. Substrate is then gently
pressed and one third each of spawn
and supplement (35 gm) spread at the periphery
close to polythene. Likewise, three
such layers are made and the bag is
closed at the upper end after pressing the substrate. 15 to 20 small holes (0.5 cm to
1.0 cm dia) should be made on all sides to facilitate gas exchange.
Instead of layer spawning, mixed spawning may also be followed where the
required quantity of spawn is mixed with the prepared substrate (soaked and
pasteurized straw) and incorporated into the bag. The bags are then incubated
in a dark room where a temperature of 25-350C
and a relative humidity of 80% are
maintained. It takes about 20 days
when substrate is fully colonized and bags are ready for casing. Bags are
shifted to cropping room for casing and cropping.
Casing
and after care : Casing means covering the top surface of
bags after spawn run is over, with pasteurized casing material in about 2-3 cm thickness. Casing provides
physical support, moisture and allows gases to escape from the substrate. Casing material(soil 50% + Compost 50%)
with pH adjusted to 7.8 to 7.9 with chalk
powder is pasteurized in autoclave at 15 psi for one hour or chemically
treated with 4 % formaldehyde
solution about a week in advance of casing. It is covered with polythene sheet
to avoid escape of chemical and turned at 2 days interval so that at the time
of casing, soil is free from formalin smell. Top of the bag is opened,
polythene is folded and casing material is uniformly spread in 2-3 cm
thickness.
Cropping
:
It takes about 10 days for the mycelium to reach the top of the casing layer
when fresh air is introduced along with appropriate temperature and humidity.
The changes thus made in the environment, result in the initiation of fruit
bodies within 3-5 days which may mature in about a week.
Mushroom
of 7-10 cm diameter are harvested by
twisting, cleaned and packed in
perforated polythene/polypropylene bags for marketing. In a 40 days duration crop, around 800-1000
g of mushroom may be harvested per bag. Hence, the biological efficiency of
milk mushroom is 80-100%.
Average
Yield per bag : 1 Kg
Unlike agriculture, mushroom seed (Spawn) production involves sophisticated technology with high investment requiring laboratory and equipments with accessories. The major constraint in mushroom production is nonavailability of spawn. The technology of spawn production is given by Eco-care and Aware. Three roomed house with some equipments, furniture, glasswares, chemicals and some other accessories are required to start spawn lab. Keeping in view of demand for mushroom, it is urgently needed to have one spawn lab in each block. If 50 to 100 mushroom growers will be developed in a cluster of villages to grow minimum one quintal to two quintals of mushroom per day, one spawn unit can be set up there to feed the spawn to these mushroom growers. Each spawn producer should have its own mushroom production farm to know the efficacy of his own spawn as well as demonstrate the mushroom production technology to others which will promote the sale of spawn. By this both spawn unit and mushroom farm will be economically viable.
(1) To produce 200 spawn bottles from two shift i.e. 5,000 bottles of spawn assuming 25 working days per month.
(2) To create income of Rs. 30,000/- per month from spawn & mushroom farm.
REQUIREMENT FOR SPAWN UNIT
A. Land and building
Four roomed building will be essential to state spawn lab. one room will be used to multiply fungus which is called “inoculation chamber” with another room will be devoted to prepare media for culture tube an spawn bottle or which it is called media room. It can be used as media for culture tube an spawn bottle or which it is called media room. It can be used as media cum office room. Fourth room will be kept as store room. The incubation chamber will be air tight fitted with light and U.V. Light. The maintenance of aseptic condition in inoculation chamber is must for production of quality spawn. Initially incubation chamber can be made in ordinary room keeping some iron rocks to accommodate spawn bottles. After wards air conditioning machine can be fitted to maintain desired temperature.
1. Total Plinth area of spawn Lab – 25' × 12' = 300sq. ft.
2. Inoculation chamber - 8' × 7' = 56 sq. ft.
3. Ante room - 4' × 7' = 28 sq. ft.
4. Incubation Chamber - 12' × 8' = 96 sq. ft.
5. Office cum Media room - 10' × 8' = 80 sq. ft.
6. Store room - 10' × 4' = 40 sq. ft.
B. Equipment and Machineries
(a) Auto clave :
One autoclaves are required to sterilize the media in culture tube and wheat medium in spawn bottles.(operated by both electricity and gas)
(b) Furniture : To keep spawn bottle or pouches, some iron racks are needed in incubation chamber. One table, with two stools are to be kept in inoculation chamber. One long table will be kept in media room along with some stools.
(c) Accessories :
(i) Weighing balance will be useful for weighing the chemicals required for preparing media and for spawn production.
(ii) Chula with cylinder : To boil wheat and to prepare media for culturing. Chula with Cylinder are necessary.
(d) Glass wares, chemicals and raw materials : culture tube, innoculation needle, measuring cylinder, dextrose, plastic busket, Agar agar, Formaldehyde, Cotton, Wheat.